Metodologia analítica para análise das vibrações em solos e edifícios situados próximos a linhas férreas

Abstract

Buildings are subject to vibrations caused by the environment, such as industry, construction, and vehicle traffic. These vibrations can damage the structure overtime or create discomfort for its users. The construction of buildings close to the railway lines is becoming more and more common in large and small cities around the world. The present work shows an analytical methodology for predicting the vibrations in the ground caused by the passage of the trains that reach the buildings, people, or nearby improvements. These mathematical equations are validated using an example from the literature. Discussing is done about the physical vibrations and noise that train traffic generates. The objective is the structural security and better use of the regions close to the railway lines, increasing the understanding of the building's behavior and the effects of the vibrations. Various soil types are checked to evaluate their influence on the propagation of the instantaneous vibration speed induced in the medium. Other parameters are also analyzed, such as the distance from the railway, the building height and type, the train's speed and loading, and the rail kind. These analyses are made using mathematical software. The primary data analyzed are the speed and acceleration vibration and the horizontal displacements in the building pavements, evaluating its sensitivity to external parameters, geotechnical and structural variation. It is expected to contribute to the criteria standardization for the building construction close to railway lines.