Análise da relação entre o perfil socioeconômico e o desempenho acadêmico no Curso de Ciências Contábeis de uma instituição de ensino superior pública

Abstract

Throughout the last decades, higher education has been the target of several policies to democratize access and permanence, aiming to alter its scenario characterized by its exclusiveness. In face of such actions, there has been a diversification of the profile of students in higher education institutions and, with that, the concern to keep such student with a satisfactory academic performance. Parallel to this expansion, there is the consolidation of the National System of Higher Education Assessment, with the aim of promoting a national assessment process that ensures the quality of higher education. Among the tools of such system is the National Exam of Student Performance (Enade), which assesses the performance of students from HEIs. This quantitative study aims to establish a method of analyzing the relationship between the socioeconomic profile and the academic performance at Enade, of students enrolled in the Accounting Sciences course at a public higher education institution. In regards to the study’s nature, it is an applied research, and, as for its purposes, it assumes characteristics of a descriptive research. Secondary data were used as data collection tools. The data regarding the socioeconomic profile and performance at the Enade exam were collected from the microdata provided by the National Institute for Educational Studies and Research Anísio Teixeira. The Statistical methods: Anova, Correlation analysis e Factor analysis were applied for the interpretation and analyses of data. The results obtained through the application of correlation revealed that only the receipt of an academic scholarship has been shown to have a relation to student’s performance. With the application of factor analysis, thus complementing the study, it was identified that the variables with the greatest weight in relation to student performance were those related to the housing situation, financial situation, manner of enrollment in the undergraduation course and family incentive. It is observed, then, that there are variables that make up the socioeconomic profile that are related to student’s performance and therefore must be analyzed by managers in order to develop actions that seek to remedy possible deficiencies that may interfere with the student’s education and consequently their performance.