Avaliação da vulnerabilidade e sarcopenia em idosos atendidos na atenção primária à saúde

Abstract

In the elderly, vulnerability and sarcopenia leads to functional disability that compromises autonomy and quality of life, generating political, social and economic demands. The objective of this study was to evaluate the vulnerability and sarcopenia in the elderly attended at Primary Health Care Units of Fortaleza-Ceará. Epidemiological study with 384 elderly. We included individuals aged 60 years or older, treated at a Primary Health Care Unit, and excluded those with a diagnosis of dementia and elderly who scored on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) less than 13 (non-literate) and less than 17 (literate). Data collection took place from May to December 2018 in three stages: investigation of sociodemographic, clinical and anthropometric data; Vulnerability Elders Survey was used to assess Vulnerability, sarcopenia was assessed by hand grip strength, muscle mass index and 10-meter gait speed test. Data were grouped in the Statistical Package for the Social Science - SPSS version 22.0, and descriptive analysis and associations between outcome variables (sarcopenia and vulnerability) and independent variables were performed using Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests (p <0; 05. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Ceará 2.584.644 and with Certificate of Presentation for Ethical Appreciation (CAAE) nº85363518.6.0000.5054. Of the 384 elderly 133 (34.6% ) were vulnerable, with an association with age (p = 0.001), gender (p = 0.010), education (p = 0.008), marital status (p = 0.004), race (p = 0.003), physical activity (p = 0.002) ), hypertension (p = 0.001), diabetes (p = 0.001), osteoarthritis (p = 0.008), osteoporosis (p = 0.003) and the use of polypharmacy (p = 0.001). %) had probable sarcopenia, 48 (12.5%) were sarcopenic and 47 (12.2%) had severe sarcopenia. ve association with gender (p = 0.001), physical activity (p = 0.016), osteoarthritis (p = 0.001), dyslipidemia (p = 0.004), use of 5 or more medications (p = 0.001) and vulnerability (p = 0.006). The findings are relevant and unpublished for the Elder|ly population of Fortaleza with significant impact on causal inference for sarcopenia and vulnerability, and allow replication in other scenarios. The information generated makes it possible to glimpse interventions and actions to prevent sarcopenia and health promotion of the elderly in the context of primary health care