Interprofissionalismo na estratégia saúde da família: um olhar sobre as ações de promoção de saúde bucal

Abstract

The brazilian health model presented a remarkable change with the Family Health Program, then called Family Health Strategy, operated by multi professional teams, adding professionals to take better care of the population in the integrality of health, the oral health team and the professionals of the Family Health Support Center. The interprofessional work is crucial for the consolidation of this healthcare model, however the dental surgeon faces many challenges while working in a team, due to their traditional education of fragmented knowledge. Given different professional categories, it becomes essential to reflect on interprofessional work. The objective of this study was to get to know interprofessionalism in the oral health field among the graduated workers of the Family Health Strategy. It was an exploratory and cross-sectional study, with complementarity between the quantitative and qualitative approaches. It was developed with 39 primary care graduated professionals from the municipality of Icó, Ceará, Brazil, who worked together with the oral health team. Two similar semi-structured questionnaires, one applied to dental surgeons and the other to the other workers, were used as instruments for data collection. The quantitative data was tabulated through the 2013 version of Excel and operationalized with the aid of SPSS version 23 statistical analysis software. And the quantitative ones were submitted to content analysis, thematic modality of Bardin. The study complied with Resolution No. 466 of December 12, 2012, of the National Health Council, and was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Ceará, under the number 3,355,254. The research pointed out that a deficiency in the technical maintenance in the units, the recurring lack of inputs and excessive demand from users hinder teamwork, as well as the lack of a position, career and salary plan is a reason for discontent among the professionals, which, although most report having the freedom to participate in refresher and qualification courses, in the municipality there is no permanent education policy. A good number of professionals have specialization in Family Health (56.4%), but among the dental surgeons the expressive majority (60%) chose to postgraduate in the clinical area. The oral health team represents the professional category with the lowest attendance at team meetings. All of the professionals considered interprofessional work important and suggested periodic meetings, more frequent shared activities and training as a way to intensify this action. The most shared activities with the oral health team were: educational actions of the Health at School Program, home visits and shared activities, specially in the consultations of pregnant women and childcare. But it is still predominant the attendances limited to the dental office. Permanent education is fundamental, avoiding the transmission of vertical information to update procedures and protocols. Interprofessional work is, therefore, presented as one of the best methods of action in health to face the various challenges present in Primary Health Care.