A reconstrução da dinâmica socioprodutiva em comunidades rurais atingidas por barragens: uma análise do Reassentamento Novo Alagamar

Abstract

This work seeks to analyze how the construction of dams causes effects and transformations in the socio-productive dynamics of rural communities affected by these works in the northeastern semi-arid region, and how the peasant-based family farmers develop their life reconstruction strategies in the new territories in which they are relocated. It is based on the understanding that historically, at the national level, works of this nature have been permeated by several contradictions, resulting in impacts and violations of the rights of rural populations. Particularly in the semi-arid region, based on the discourse against drought, the dams were linked to the reinforcement of the economic and political power of colonels and large companies, to the detriment of local populations living in the affected areas. In the analysis proposed here, the empirical universe is the family farmers of the Novo Alagamar Resettlement, located in the municipality of Jaguaretama, state of Ceará, and that underwent a process of compulsory displacement due to the implantation of the Castanhão dam between the municipalities of Alto Santo and Jaguaribara. The research was carried out with a qualitative approach, using resources such as interviews, documentary analysis, bibliographic research and steps of the Methodology Diagnostic Analysis of Agrarian Systems (ADSA). It was found that the farmers affected by the resettlement suffered different implications in their way of life and in their productive activities, resulting from the process of deterritorialization. Nevertheless, when faced with uncertainties, violations and difficulties, these farmers also developed multiple strategies of readaptation to the new territory in which they were reallocated, articulating old knowledge of the previous life with the new knowledge coming from the change, generating a process of permanent reterritorialization.