Geoecologia das paisagens: subsídios sustentáveis do geoecoturismo no Parque Nacional do Viruá – Roraima

Abstract

The conservation units have been an environment that has a great demand for the practice of tourist activities, which are based on the natural landscape. In short, the tourist activity causes negative impacts to the visited environment, however there are tourist segments whose impacts can be minimized. Based on this, ecotourism and geotourism have gained notoriety due to the practices of conservation and valorization of the visited environment, prioritizing knowledge of natural, cultural and historical attributes. Therefore, this thesis analyzed the landscape potential of the Viruá National Park in the center-south portion of the state of Roraima, in order to promote the practice of sustainable tourism (geoecoturism), based on geoecology of landscapes, to contribute to the public use, as well as subsidize the updating of the Management Plan. For that reason, a bibliographical and cartographic survey, geoecological analysis, mapping of trails, identification of geoecoturistic potentials, applicability of tourist cargo capacity and questionnaire interview were carried out at Caracaraí and Vista Alegre and Petrolina do Norte. It is worth noting that the analysis of the geoecological units of the landscape was done by means of altimetric data of the SRTM and the integration of geomorphological and vegetation information, as well as the identification of the natural environmental vulnerability, it was understood the application of the map algebra technique in which were considered the geological, geomorphological, pedological and vegetative cover characteristics. In the five terrestrial geoecoturistic routes, it was estimated the capacity of tourist load and points of interest, the environmental interpretation, as well as of the fluvial route that contemplates points of interest for environmental interpretation. The economic, social and environmental aspects of the surrounding communities are relevant in terms of local development and income generation in the tourist bias. To encourage the positive relationship between the surrounding community and the Viruá National Park, as this has proved to be incipient. In view of this, it is expected that the maps of the geoecological units, of environmental vulnerability and the charts of the tracks and the propositions of actions will enable the planning and use of the area, in a way that is compatible with its environmental reality, promotion of valorization and inclusion of communities and other stakeholders.