Cuidados de enfermagem à criança com cardiopatia congênita: revisão narrativa

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Congenital heart diseases are the malformations that have the greatest impact on the morbidity and mortality of children and on health care costs. According to the Information System on Live Births, malformations of the circulatory system in 2016 occupied the 5th place among all congenital malformations. Given the repercussion of malformations of the circulatory system, rapid and resolute interventions of the clinical staff of the health services, especially of the nurse, are necessary. In this sense, it is important to identify studies about nurses' performance in children with congenital heart disease. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the available evidence in the literature on the role of nurses in the care of children with congenital heart disease. METHODOLOGY: This is a Narrative Review of the literature. For his conduction, the steps of Mendes, Silveira and Galvão (2008) were adopted. The search and selection of the studies were carried out from April to June 2019, in the databases LILACS, CINAHL, MEDLINE, SCIELO and SCOPUS. RESULTS: We found 130 studies. Of these, five studies were selected that dealt with the nurse's role in the care of children with CHD in the postoperative period and in the transition period of the child shortly after birth. The description of technical care for physical needs in hospital was more frequently perceived. Most of the studies pointed out a greater care of the nurse to the child with congenital heart disease in the postoperative period. Few studies have shown the importance of humanized care and the bond formed between the nurse and the patient-family. CONCLUSION: There were few studies that addressed the issue in question, requiring a greater knowledge production, in view of the specificities of care for the child with congenital heart disease, in order to subsidize the Evidence Based Practice.