Identificação de fungos associados a plantas de mangues no estado do Ceará

Abstract

Endophytic fungi occur in all plant species already studied, and are defined as organisms that colonize plant tissues, inter or intracellular, without causing any apparent external symptoms. In addition, they confer to their hosts a greater resistance to attack by insects, herbivores and abiotic and biotic stresses. Nowadays endophytic fungi are considered an excellent source of bioactive compounds, with potential use in agriculture, medicine and industry in general. Mangroves are ecosystems located at the confluence of land and sea, characteristic of tropical and subtropical areas, covering about 18.1 million hectares of the planet. The great biodiversity found in these environments highlights the importance of searching for knowledge about it, such as the study of new active principles derived from endophytic microorganisms present in plants. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to determine the genetic diversity of the endophytic fungi community present in leaves, branches and roots of the main tree species of mangroves of Ceará, Brazil. The second chapter of this work had as objective the characterization of the species of Lasiodiplodia of greater factor of virulence acting as pathogens in plants of the mangroves of Ceará. Three species of Lasiodiplodia were identified, two pathogenic isolates L. parva and L. theobromae and one endophytic L. pseudotheobromae. The pathogenic species identified were able to cause necrotic lesions at different levels of severity when inoculated on mango, guava and banana fruits. The third chapter deals with an occurrence note with the first report of the endophytic Lasiodiplodia brasiliensis of Avicennia nitida in the mangrove of Ceará. And in the last chapter the molecular characterization of the endophytic fungi associated with mangrove plants from the coast of Ceará was carried out.