Análise da utilização dos inaladores de pó seco em portadores de doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica: descrição, correlação e fatores influenciadores

Abstract

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation that is due to abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually caused by significant exposure to harmful particles or gases. Peak inspiratory flow, adhesion and correct use of the devices are factors used to evaluate the treatment with dry powder inhalers and its effectiveness, requiring constant reevaluation. This study was the cross-sectional type of linear and analytical characters with the purpose of evaluating: peak inspiratory flow and factors influencing the use of dry powder inhalers, Aerolizer and Turbuhaler, in patients with COPD, ambulatory, considering peak flow adherence to treatment and correct use of the device. The research was developed at the Dr. Carlos Alberto Studart Gomes Hospital with a population of 110 participants, 90% of the population was elderly, the mean age of patients was 71.07 years (± 8.88); (n = 57, 51.82%), the majority of patients reported having studied only up to the fundamental incomplete (n = 61, 55.45%); a mean BMI was 25.46; mean FVC, FEV1, MIP, MEP were 2.24 L, 1.06 L, 83.64 cmH2O and 76.45 cmH2O, respectively; 81.65% (n = 89) used the Aerolizer type, the rest made use of the turbuhaler type. The peak inspiratory flow in both low and medium resistance measurements was influenced by age, BMI, sex, FEV1, FVC, MIP and MEP (p <0.05). Analyzing the use of the devices, the errors presented a statistically significant correlation with treatment time (rho = -0.2032; p = 0.034). The degree of patients’ adherence to the devices was associated with age and schooling (Schooling: p = 0.042; Age: p = 0.0021). It can be concluded that parameters such as FEV1, MIP, MEP and correct device handling can influence peak inspiratory flow results.