Alimentação escolar: práticas de agricultores cearenses como fornecedores para o Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE)

Abstract

It is a study about the school feeding thematic, more specifically about the food selling practices by familiar farmers to the National Program of School Nourishment (PNAE). It had as general objective investigating the practices that rural familiar farmers and entrepreneurs and their organizations, in the Pentecoste city, develop as food suppliers to the PNAE, inside the Public Call acquisition modality. It was a qualitative investigation, which came from the following hypothesis: 1) The systematized knowledge about the familiar farmers practices as food suppliers to the PNAE favors both successes improvement and the solution search for the mistakes and/or faced difficulties; 2) The difficulties faced by the familiar farmers to qualify themselves as scholar feeding suppliers, in the Public Call modality, generally come from the lack of technic knowledge. The research realization followed three stages. In the first, the research project improvement was made, with a revision of the familiar farming, sustainable purchasing and scholar feeding literature, objective of study definition and the used theoretical reference, final test and selection of the data collection techniques In the second stage it was made a field work with the familiar farmers from Pentecoste city, through the following data collection techniques: semistructured interview, participant observation and documental analysis. In the third stage, by being an interdisciplinary thematic, the data was organized, classified, and finally analyzed in light of a theoretical reference, which involves the following areas: scholar feeding politic; familiar farming and sustainable development; sustainable purchasing and the “Public Call” modality; feeding and nutritional safety (SAN), feeding and nutritional education (EAN), healthy curriculum and feeding in the school, feeding culture. With an ampler referential, the Depth Hermeneutics was used, grounding the phases of the social historical analysis and interpretation, proposed by Thompson (1998). As for the conclusion, it can be affirmed that: greater is the farmer’s knowledge about the PNAE rules and legislation, greater is their participation as supplier; the mastery over food production social technologies, like the Mandala System, increases the food production, and, consequently, the farmer and their organizations income and empowerment, improving their material life conditions, in general, and feeding and nutritional safety, in particular; generates work and income for other families; it has the pedagogic effect of valorizing the local feeding habits, due the insertion of local food in the school’s menu, as well as incentive to feeding and nutritional education actions. The research was submitted to a human research ethics committee, according the Resolution nº 510 from April, 07, 2016, from the National Council of Ethics in Human Research (CONEP), being approved through the Certificate of Presentation for Ethical Consideration (CAAE) Protocol nº: 04747118.7.0000.5034.