Extração de metais das placas de circuito impresso: reciclagem do lixo eletrônico

Abstract

The present work had the objective of studying the electronic trash, developing extraction methods for the recycling of metals present in obsolete printed circuit boards, through leaching. It was also analyzed the possibility of the extract resulting from the extraction act as a real sample for teaching. In order to do so, hydrometallurgical routes were tested, being observed such factors as solvent extraction efficiency, digestion time and solvent volume used, in order to provoke economic viability. Leaching with royal water and dilute nitric acid provided lower extraction yields of 23.53% and 14.17%, respectively, when compared to other reference values in the literature, considering the time of digestion during 24 hours. The accumulation of electronic trash is striking because of the volume and lack of investment in its treatment. Much of this waste is treated outside. The country also leads on the lack of data and studies on the production, reuse and recycling of electrical and electronic trash. Concern about the proper disposal of solid waste raises Chemistry for environmental preservation, in order to promote sustainable development. As the volume of waste grows rapidly, and the projection for the future is also significant, awareness of the issue deepens, both by the public power and private initiative. Law no. 12,305 / 2010 instituted the National Policy on Solid Waste, and in addition to establishing principles and guidelines, innovates with the concept of shared responsibility, in which society is responsible for the proper disposal of solid waste. In this way, the law also innovates with inclusion and social responsibility.