Análise do processo de verificação da pescaria de lagostas na Comunidade de Redonda, Icapuí - Ce

Abstract

Lobster fishing in Brazil occurs along 6.573 km of coastline, being developed in the North, Northeast and Southeast regions (until Espírito Santo State). The red lobster (Panulirus argus) is the most abundant species commercially, followed by the green lobster (Panulirus laevicauda). The Northeast region has the largest production and Ceará is the main producer and exporter of this fishing resource. Since the 1970s, lobster fishing has been suffering from overfishing, which at the time was due to the entry of larger boats and prohibited techniques, making this activity predatory and unsustainable. In order to minimize this problem, product verification and / or certification models can be good allies in this process, since they aim to guarantee the conformity of the rules, following quality standards and internationally accepted monitoring systems. Thus, increasing chain coordination and, consequently, quality of the products. Recently, the verification of artisanal lobster fishing was carried out in a community on the eastern coast of Ceará. Knowing the importance of verification and certification for the productive chain of a resource, the present research aims to analyze the process of verification of the lobster fishery that occurs in the community of Redonda, Icapuí - Ce. All the procedures that must be followed to obtain certification, such as production analysis and biometric analysis of lobsters were analyzed. In the year 2015 was produced approximately 4 thousand kilograms of verified lobster, while in the year 2016 the production was almost 20 thousand kilos. The median length of cephalothorax, with the grouped sex, of P. argus and P. laevicauda was 8.3 cm and 8.4 cm, respectively, and did not differ statistically. When analyzing the difference between males and females of the same species, there was a significant difference between the cephalothorax lengths of P. laevicauda, and the same did not occur for P.argus. The results obtained in the present research demonstrated that the Verification Project, despite complying with the requirements of the legislation in force for lobster fishery, needs to add requirements that allow the fish population to recover, such as the return to the sea of ovigerous females and of individuals with sizes smaller than allowed. It is necessary to carry out a system of statistical control of landings that determines the relative abundance for the elaboration of a management plan.