Implantação de um sistema integrado de biorremediação de esgoto doméstico: disposição no solo e bacia de evapotranspiração

Abstract

Domestic sewage treatment systems that are centrally and collectively managed in cities generally do not meet demand efficiently, pressing resources and changing the balance of socio-environmental relations. The historical evolution of this sanitation practice reveals that little has changed regarding the management of human waste and that outdated techniques are still regulated and installed in places without provision from public power. In this context, the present work displays the integration of two individual and decentralized alternative systems of treatment and final disposal of domestic sewage, based on unconventional techniques, as an alternative to mitigate the inadequate discharge of part of the wastewater in a private family unit in the urban area. The stages and processes of project execution were outlined, such as site selection in the lot, excavation, soil characterization, material handling, concreting and operation of the system; as well as the detailing of the built modules and future projections on the analysis of the efficiency of the treatment and of the constructive techniques used, in order to make possible the installation in an urban environment. The analysis of the productive process for each module was detailed, besides a simplistic analysis of the constructive process. The role of the environmental scientist in the context of this project and its importance in the development of social and environmental relations was also discussed. Decentralization of sewage treatment systems can contribute to the development of efficient and economic public policies by placing the sewage generator as a co-manager in waste management, an integral part of the quest for sustainable development.