Uma década de projeto orla em Fortaleza: análise das alterações na paisagem da praia do Mucuripe

Abstract

The coastal zone is recognize that as national patrimony of the Federal Constitution from 1988, being required its use and adequate preservation as to the public power. Coastal management becomes essential for the urban planning of the coastal region. The Integrated Border Management Plan, proposed by the Ministério do Meio Ambiente for the whole national territory, is one of the tools of urban and environmental management elaborated from the popular participation, that has the purpose to evidencing and justifying the actions those cities wish their coastal systems. In this, the research seeks to analyze the changes that occurred in the coastal landscape of Mucuripe beach in the last 10 years, after the creation of the Projeto Orla de Fortaleza. This interest is from the fact that present municipality is inserted, which has faced intense urban occupation in recentthe last few years, and the coast is the area that suffers the most consequences with such phenomenon. In this way, Praia do Mucuripe was chose because it has significant environmental impacts, resulting in the modification of the coastal landscape. The methodology was base on a descriptive, comparative and qualitative analysis of the implementation of the Projeto Orla, using bibliographical and documentary sources on about the theme, followed by a processing and interpretation of satellite images to vector the attributes that suffered the most alterations of the beach, for do this cartography was using the software ArcMap 10.5.For a last step to the analysis, it has made a photographic record that served to justify an analysis of the environmental aspects of the area. In this context, it can be observe that Praia do Mucuripe presents a compromised landscape, due to the intense and inadequate use of the soil, consequence of the non-effectiveness of the coastal management proposed by the responsible public offices. Therefore, we can see the importance of the proposal to update the PGI of Fortaleza that aims to implement a more appropriate coastal management of the problems found in the border of the municipality.