Vulnerabilidade social do município de São Gonçalo do Amarante, CE

Abstract

Intense urban growth has been a disturbing and recurring process in recent decades. It has impacted mainly countries that are under development, such as is the case in Brazil. In São Gonçalo do Amarante - CE, this fact has been recurring due to the rapid industrial and port development in the region, in addition to a lack of urban planning. The absence of monitoring growth of municipal infrastructure in proportion to population growth creates many social problems. Thus, it is important to do a study of social vulnerability, in order to establish an effective methodology for the analysis of the current social situation in the area. The vulnerability definition generates important contributions to the analysis of the possible effects caused by various risk factors embedded in a given territory. Therefore, to achieve this goal it is proposed an index that can synthesize the social vulnerability, then forming the SVI – Social Vulnerability Index. This seeks to highlight the different situations indicative of social exclusion and vulnerability, enabling the analysis of the socio-spatial inequalities present in the study area, from the amplitude of the variables selected from the census of the local sectors. For the purposes of this study, the geoprocessing is used, facilitating the synthesis and integration of data from the IBGE Census 2010 in order to connect the observed data to their census data of origin. Thus, it enables a classification and comparison among social standards, in addition to facilitating the development of a temporal correlation between studies withsimilar charachteristics in different years, further assisting in performing their monitoring and easily generating interpreted results. In this way, it is possible to obtain information to help the government to understand the current social condition in the area, in order to implement mitigation measures consistent with the situation where the municipality is.