Resultado de enfermagem conhecimento: prevenção de quedas: avaliação em trabalhadores da construção civil

Abstract

Falling is one of the present risks in the work environment, being considered an accident of work. This is especially important for the worker in the civil construction, when this can happen due to the lack or inadequate use of individual protection equipment (IPE), or, still, due to other environmental factors. In this context, nursing has a fundamental role in the attention to the worker and must use technologies of care, such as the taxonomies of nursing, to subsidize their actions. Among them the classification of the results of nursing (NOC) is highlighted. So, the objective of this work was to analyze the knowledge on prevention of falls of workers in the civil construction based on the NOC indicators. The specific objectives were: to measure de basal level of the behavior Knowledge: prevention of falls of workers in the civil construction; identify indicators of the behavior Knowledge: prevention of falls which present a higher degree of jeopardizing and verify the relation between the level of knowledge on the prevention of falls and the socio-demographic variables. It is a cross-sectional study made in one of the health units of the Serviço Social da Indústria (SESI) (The Social Service of the Industry), located in Fortaleza – Ceará – Brazil, with 173 workers of the civil construction. For the data collection an instrument was made up containing questions referred to socio-demographic data, information on accidents of work regarding falls; clinical antecedents; the use of safety equipment; participation in trainings; and 14 of the 21 NOC indicator Knowledge: prevention of falls, with definitions and magnitude. For the construction of the indicators adopted in this study, the ones present in the result of the NOC were used, compared to the regulation rules of security of Work and Employment Department (MTE) regarding the prevention of falls which were applicable to the specific populations in this study. The magnitude of the NOC indicators was made up in a Likert scale with punctuation from 1 to 5, from no knowledge to wide knowledge. For the statistic treatment of the data, the SPSS (Statistic Package for Social Science for Windows), version 19.0 was used. It was noticed that among the workers the level of knowledge on the preventions of falls was low, once most of the indicators showed a variation between no knowledge and moderate knowledge. Only regarding the indicator of knowledge regarding the correct use of the safety devices, the workers show to have wide knowledge. For the indicators of knowledge related to When to ask for personal assistance for specific attention in case of first aid and Regarding the practice of exercises to reduce the risk of falls, the workers reported to have substantial knowledge. Only the level of schooling showed association with knowledge. Facing the results which indicated lack of knowledge on the prevention of falls at the civil construction working site, it was concluded that the role of exercising orientation and supervision to the workers in order to reduce the accidents related to the falls in the companies belongs to Labor Nursing. In order to comply with the requirements, it is necessary to create specific strategies of teaching-learning and to continuously evaluate the results of the orientations using instruments such as the NOC indicators as a necessary technology to the daily work, to investigate not only knowledge but also the behavior of the work on the prevention of falls.