Forma, função ou sentido? Uma reflexão sobre a classificação dos vocábulos nas gramáticas normativas

Abstract

The classification of words by normative grammars sometimes is not based on clear and uniform criteria. Some, now are based on the morphic character, now the functional character of the word in the phrase to classify it. This confusion can hinder students from learning about the structure of language, besides not describe/prescribe, consistently, a standard norm. Thus, this study aimed to analyze what criteria are used by Bechara (2009) and Cunha (2012) to classify the words in their normative grammars, from the criteria set out by Macambira (1974) and Camara (1970). As a result it was noticed that a clear hierarchy is not established on rating criteria, which sometimes can be the morphic, either the semantic or the functional. Thus, some inconsistency and confusion may arise in the minds of students during the learning process when, for example, are faced with the classification of adverbs as nominal and pronominal, or when faced with the classification of pronouns as nouns and adjectives. Moreover, also arises the question about the possibility of the criteria set forth by the authors are not sufficient to account for an efficient classification of all formal vocabulary, emphasizing the contribution of new pragmatic-discursive theories to understand the gaps left by previous theories.