Ensino médio integrado à educação profissional: formação omnilateral ou unilateral?

Abstract

The enactment of Federal Decree n.º. 5,154, of July 23, 2004, legalized the curriculum integration of High School and Professional Education leading to the changes in the National Curricular Guidelines for Secondary Education and Vocational Education, which mention in its 2013 guidelines, Nuances about human formation (omnilateral) in the perspective of developing in the student a critical conception of reality; A cultural and technological rise; The understanding of the productive process and scientific knowledge as a human activity; And, finally, insertion into the world of work. This legislation gave rise to the challenge of Higher Education Institutions and of the Undergraduate Courses in training Teachers to work in the modality of Integrated High School. Based on these considerations, this research aims to investigate the Initial Teacher Training in the Physical Chemistry Undergraduate Course of the Federal University of Ceará - UFC, in the Campus of Fortaleza, and the Licentiate Course in Physics at the Federal Institute of Ceará - IFCE In the Campuses of Acaraú, Crateús, Fortaleza, Sobral and Tianguá, verifying if in the curricular structure of these Courses there is a formative bias capable of preparing the Teacher to act in the High School Integrated to the Professional Education so that they are trainers of a critical and omnilateral education as it prescribes The aforementioned legislation. For this realization of this study we adopted the documentary research, based on dialectical materialism, referring to the Chemistry Undergraduate Courses of the Federal University of Ceará - UFC and the Physics Course of the Federal Institute of Education of the State of Ceará - IFCE. As a theoretical contribution, we take the thought of Marx, Pistrak and Makarenko who, despite some differences in their conceptions, are unanimous in defending the need for an all-round formation giving a positive and formative meaning to Polytechnic Education. In order to develop these questions, we divided our dissertation into three chapters. In the first, entitled Omnilateral Formation and Work as an Educational Principle, we demonstrate the intrinsic dimension of work as an educational principle, the elements of an omnilateral formation, and the foundations and curricular organization of the School of Work. Polytechnic Education: Paths and Mishaps in Brazilian Education is the theme of the second chapter in which we present the experience of Polytechnic Education in the Soviet Union relating to the conception of Polytechnic Education in Brazil expressed in Professional Education, and also the Curriculum of Secondary Education Integrated to Education Professional your processes and challenges. Finally, in the third chapter entitled The Pedagogical Project and Curricular Structure of the Chemistry Degree Course of the UFC and the Degree of Physics of the IFCE: an analysis of its formative character, we did our analyzes about the possibility or not Of these courses provide a training capable of preparing the teacher to work in the Integrated Higher Education to Vocational Training, so that it is multiplier of an omnilateral training as prescribed by the legislation of this modality of education. In our results and conclusions we identified that the training offered in the UFC Chemistry and Physics Degree Course of the IFCE, according to the Pedagogical Project of these Courses and the Curricular Matrix, points to the absence of pedagogical elements that may contemplate training for The teacher acting in the Integrated High School to Vocational Education. These courses offer a more focused training in the conception of skills and abilities, presenting an absence of disciplines, contents and practices that favor an effective training of the teacher to work with the youngsters capable of providing them with the acquisition of critical awareness and training Omnilateral in the parameters defended by Marx, Pistrak and Makarenko.