Transição socialista em Mészáros: “transcender”/ superar a montanha – o trabalho assalariado, o capital e o estado

Abstract

Reading the book of the hungarian philosopher István Mészáros, published in Brazil in 2015 the mountain that we conquer: reflections on the state motivated us to present our reflections. We aimed to expose our understanding that this last title the focus on "critical radical socialist state" is articulated with all the author's previous production. We adopted the reading procedure and immanent analysis of the text apprehending the author reaffirms the totalitarian and radical perspective that adopts the approach not only this, but also several other burning issues of human life, put into relief in his works. We understand that his "radical critique of the foundations of the state" is within the framework of "global structural crisis of the capital system." The author analyzes this crisis affects all the main breeding institutions of the system, among them the State. The active systemic crisis the absolute insurmountable limits in the current social order. So transpires the historical anachronism of the capital system, whose stay generates destruction in all key areas of the production and social reproduction process. Threatens humanity by structural unemployment; by wars; by destructive production itself and the environmental conditions essential for the reproduction of human life. Against these inhumanities Mészáros advocates that the current challenge is "socialism or barbarism". Therefore, the need and possibility of socialist alternative demand "conquer" (transcending / overcome) the "mountain" (understood as the capital system itself on its pillars: alienated labor, capital and state) to implement genuine project of Marx: the freely associated labor, the abolition of capital and withering away of the state, ie the abolition of all "mediations second order" imposed by the capitalist system. We conclude that in Mészáros perspective, for this project to be successful, a theory of socialist transition it is necessary, and the conscious and organized action of Labor. For this, Mészáros contributes presenting the socialist guiding principles and proposes the articulation of a New International, to organize and unify the working class internationally around a "socialist offensive".