Qualidade de vida dos internos de medicina de uma universidade do nordeste

Abstract

Teaching skills to make a doctor-patient meeting effective involves subjective and cultural aspects. We thus seek to examine them from a health promotion perspective. The objectives were: determine the quality of life of residents at the Federal University of Ceará/Sobral’s School of Medicine, focusing on personal development; assess the quality of life of interns using the WHOQOL - Bref; describe how they elaborate feelings from contact with the sick, evaluating the repercussion in promoting resident health. This is a study that uses a quantitative-qualitative approach. Data was collected using WHOQOL - Bref and interviews. SPSS version 14.0 software, with a focus on descriptive statistics, was used to analyze quantitative data. We adopted narrative lines aimed at organizing qualitative data. While the universe included 77 students, the quantitative sample had 50, and 13 of those were interviewed. We went forward with the analysis using the concept of identity related to citizenship as a theoretical reference in order to understand the role being constructed for the doctor in terms of the doctor-patient relationship, using the concept of self-awareness, both tied to confrontation / model of resilience strategies. With regard to WHOQOL – Bref results, in terms of the perception of overall quality of life (QV), 48 % said it was good and 30% neither bad nor good. The highest average related to the physical domain (63.93), followed by the psychological (62.42) and social domains (62.00), with the most unfavorable being the environmental (60.86). We identified eight categories in the qualitative approach: 1. patient profile considered difficult by the resident; 2. mode of interaction, resident role; 3. facilities and difficulties; 4. support network; 5. plans for the future; 6. communication; 7. solidarity and 8.religiosity. Of the patients, the most difficult are those who remember dear ones, terminal cases, claimants, the elderly with many comorbidities and those who arrive in serious conditions after receiving poor care. The study revealed the existence of emotional factors - feelings of anger, sadness, frustration and abandonment. These are signs of stress that must be recognized and managed to avoid burnout. They complain of the quality of teaching, lack of preceptors, "mediocre” residents, “disinterested” specialists and “impersonal" nursing in an environment that gives little attention to the “patients’ physical and emotional pain”. Another difficulty relates to life’s extremes, where the alternatives are problematic. Behavior in face of stress factors ranges from emotional involvement, believing that in pediatrics the act is more pedagogical than medical and being frustrated by what could have been and was not carried out in terms of conduct. However, there is satisfaction in being accepted by the patient with whom a bond has been established. Impasses develop from what he / she perceives as medical ethics in action in face of patients who refuse to follow directions. The main supports are resident colleagues, family examples and the opinion of “outsiders”. Quality of teaching and moral abuse are perceived by almost all as the main sources of stress stemming from the care task. Signs of stress must be identified early on, and spaces must be created where it is possible to valorize empathy and stimulate reflection on ethical impasses as a means to prevent burnout in this population.