Estruturação geoambiental e susceptibilidade à desertificação na sub-bacia hidrográfica do Riacho Santa Rosa - Ceará

Abstract

The advance of desertification and land degradation has manifested increasingly in the Brazilian semiarid region, often caused by the indiscriminate use of natural resources, is to maintain the current production system, or even the lack of information in the management of this resource. The research examined the sub-basin of the creek Santa Rock, located in the lower course of the river and Banabuiú with a total area of 675 km ². As a general objective has been the analysis of the sub-basin environmental systems in diagnostic character, in order to establish a basis for future interventions. The design used for the discussion was based on integrated studies, with emphasis on the systemic analysis of the environment. From the methodological point of view the work was divided into six stages: analysis of publications, cartographic and satellite images; production of maps to help in the field; fieldwork for verification of data; correctness and adequacy of cartographic material produced for the research context and questionnaires. From the methodology used five environmental systems were defined: riverine plain area and seasonal flooding; interior trays with colluvial - eluvial covers detrital; pediplanados hinterlands of New Street; hinterlands moderately dissected Jaguaretama and residual inselbergs and ridges. It was noticed that the use of natural resources is not uniform throughout the sub-basin, according to the potentialities of each environmental system. Environmental systems characterized by hinterland are still the most vulnerable areas from the point of view geoenvironmental, further areas traditionally used for local livelihoods. Even with disappointing scenarios was also found an improvement of the conditions of various communities as a result of better access to resources and economic dynamism. Despite this positive variable, these areas are still neglected and deprived of support by the local government.