Análise multivariada dos parâmetros de qualidade de água no parque ecológico do rio Cocó

Abstract

Estuaries were the cradle for the majority of the cities in the world. On the other hand, they suffer with constant and strong aggressions by various types of human activities that pollute their waters. The Cocó River Ecological Park, located at Fortaleza and whose origen is the estuary of this same body of water, is target of important pollutant sources like domestical sewage and industrial sewage, and wasted solid material. In order to guide future interventions of the govenment in this ecosystem, was used the multivariate statistical method called Principal Componente Analyses (PCA) to study the parameters of water quality, identifying, among this variables, the most important ones for each type of pollution. Data about water quality were collected during a study leaded by Labomar (UFC). Color, Dissolved Oxigen (DO), Biochemical Oxigen Demand (BOD), Phosphorus, Nitrate and Fecal Coliforms were the selected water quality parameters for the analyses. Through a previous analyses with the linear correlations of this variables, it was possible to identify the most relevant pollutant source for three of the four studied sections: industrial source. Results for the application of PCA showed what parameters are the most directed influenced and, this way, are the most indicatives of each kind of pollution. Besides, the efficience of the method of Principal Component Analyses was verified, specially when there is few data, like the studied basin.