Estudo da pobreza multidimensional no Estado do Ceará

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze the multidimensional poverty in the state of Ceará in 2004, 2006 and 2009, with data obtained from from the National Research Sample of Domiciles (PNAD), with reference to the basic needs approach and the Capability Theory, which defines poverty as a multidimensional phenomenon. To achieve the goal outlined, we applied a multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and determines the multidimensional poverty indicator (IMP) of Asselin (2002). Through this, there are the rates of poverty - FGT (0), FGT (1) and FGT (2) under the press multidimensional. These indicators are also measured in one-dimensional way. The results indicate that the proportion of poor measured only by the lack of income is less than the multidimensional analysis, by the way, multidimensional indicators are not consistent with the one-dimensional for the years of the study. A multidimensional approach to consider several indicators for the determination of being poor or not, seems more realistic. The multidimensional poverty corresponds to 44.5 percentage points of population of the region in 2009. The rural area has a high proportion of poor individuals with multidimensional poverty more intense. Finally, we highlight the need to consider the multidimensional aspects of poverty to help the establishment of public policies to combat poverty.