Desenvolvimento de um dispositivo para manutenção da abertura bucal para crianças com idade entre 30 e 78 meses

Abstract

This study comes with the objective of developing a prototype of a mouth prop adequate for the use in patients with an age ranging from 30 to 78 months. The first part of the work evaluated the measurements between the antagonists canines and second deciduous molars, as well as the angle formed with the upper and lower oclusal planes in the maximum opened bite. The children used in this study into 4 groups: G I (children with an age ranging from 30 to 42months), G II (children with an age ranging from 42 to 54months), G III (children with an age ranging from 54 to 66 months) and G IV (children with an age ranging from 66 to 78 months). As a result, it can be observed that concerning the linear measurements in relation to the age, there was a rising statistically significant, but no differences were observed considering the gender. It was observed that GI was statistically different from the other groups. It also could be seen that there was no difference between the groups G II and G III, although both were different from G IV concerning inter-molar distance. In consideration to the inter-oclusal angle, no statistically significant differences could be seen comparing the other groups. It can be concluded that for the age observed in this study, considering the measurements used, it is necessary the elaboration of 3 different types of mouth prop. The second part of the work had the objective of developing a prototype of a mouth prop considering the angular and linear measurements, that emerged from the first part of this work. The prototype is composed of 4 connected parts: 1. Tower or mouth opener maintainer; 2. cheek retractor; 3. Stabilizer; 4. Connector. This prototype presents form specific characteristics, considering anatomical mouth measurements, using a soft, flexible material and should not be kept by the assistant for it presents stability by itself during clinical use.