Modelagem e desenvolvimento de um sistema de controle de combustão de biomassa de baixo custo

Abstract

This dissertation presents a mathematical modelling and development of a low cost biomass combustion system for use in industrial boilers or other process that uses biomass as combustible for heating. The system uses the oxygen gas rate on the exhaust gases to verify the quality of the combustion process. With this information and with an information about the needs for energy on the heating process, a control strategy was developed to the biomass and air admission system. Due to the high cost of industrial oxygen analyzers, a new equipment was developed based on a vehicular lambda probe. Especial attention was given to the temperature control, including the modeling, simulation and project of a digital controller. The equipment was tested on a propane burning system and the results were compared with a calibrated and certificated industrial gas analyzer. The response curve was adjusted to improve the precision of the developed instrument. On a second moment, a simplified mathematical model was created for an industrial boiler and for a digital controller for the air and biomass admission. This model was simulated using real boiler parameters and the results achieved indicates a good performance of the system.