Dos mistérios da luz ao funcionamento do laser

Abstract

In this dissertation, we present a discussion on the development and application of an educational product whose main objective is to improve the teaching of Modern Physics in High School, focusing on the understanding of the functioning, characteristics and applications of lasers based on the physical principles that were applied in the development of its invention. To this end, we developed a didactic sequence based on active methodologies, such as rotation by station and maker culture, based on the theories of Piaget and Vygotsky, to stimulate the active construction of knowledge. Our main goal was to develop in students the interest and a better understanding of the physical phenomena involved in laser light, based on experimentation and group interaction, in order to facilitate the understanding of fundamental concepts through 6 classes that had as central themes: light, the photoelectric effect, the quantum leap and stimulated emission of radiation, the functioning of the LED and the functioning of the laser. Thus, the application of the educational product sought to make Modern Physics more accessible and attractive with active methodologies, while promoting greater engagement among students and strengthening the relationship between theoretical concepts and their technological applications. The choice of the topic proved to be appropriate, since laser light has several applications in everyday life, which makes the topic more understandable for students, thus serving as motivation and attracting interest, in addition to involving mathematical concepts and tools consistent with both qualitative and quantitative experiments still within the learning level of high school students. We can conclude that our research contributed to the modernization of Physics teaching, providing structured teaching material that can be replicated by teachers who intend to challenge students to better understand laser light.