Niilismo neoliberal e educação brasileira: uma ontologia cartográfica

Abstract

The present research consists of an ontological analysis, based on the cartographic method, of the relationship between the Brazilian education and neoliberal nihilism. The cartography developed in this research consists, first, of a genealogy of the concepts of nihilism and neoliberalism, taking as theoretical framework the works of Nietzschean thinkers, such as, in addition to Friedrich Nietzsche himself, Martin Heidegger, Gilles Deleuze, Michel Foucault, Félix Guattari, and Gianni Vattimo, as well as more recent philosophers and social scientists, such as Grégoire Chamayou, Pierre Dardot, Christian Laval, Maurizio Lazzarato, Achille Mbembe, and Wendy Brown, whose research has adressed these concepts. This genealogy allowed us to interpret neoliberalism as na actualization of the nihilism characteristic of the Western cultural tradition. In the second part of the research, we undertook na archaeology of documents that enabled the consolidation of neoliberal nihilism in the Brazilian education: first, by some economists from the period surrounding the 1964 dictarship and, secondly, using the LDB, from 1996, as well as the BNCC, from 2018. To this archaeogenealogy, we made an assemblage with an analisys of how neoliberal nihilism in education exerts its power not only discursively, but also affectively, seeking to channel the desire of educands, formatting their subjectivities according to the modelo of the neoliberal homo oeconomicus, who must feel, understand, and want to be an entrepreneur of themselves.