Análise comparativa do dimensionamento de pilares-parede para diferentes configurações de detalhamento

Abstract

This study presented a comparative analysis of the structural design of reinforced concrete wall-columns, considering different configurations of longitudinal reinforcement detailing. The research was based on the criteria established by ABNT NBR 6118:2023, as well as on consolidated technical references from the specialized literature, with emphasis on the evaluation of second-order effects, particularly the localized effects characteristic of this type of structural element. The adopted methodology was based on the computational modeling of a multi-storey building using the TQS software, in which a wall-column with an “L-shaped” geometry was selected for analysis, as it was representative of the most critical structural demands. Two detailing alternatives were analyzed: the first considered a uniform distribution of longitudinal reinforcement, following a conventional criterion similar to that adopted for ordinary columns; the second adopted a non-uniform distribution of reinforcement, defined according to the specific demands of each strip of the wall-column. The analyses included both independent strip verification and mesh-based analysis, which allowed the evaluation of the influence of interaction between the wall segments on the structural behavior of the element. The results demonstrated that both detailing alternatives satisfied the normative requirements for structural safety, presenting Sd/Rd ratios lower than unity in all verifications performed. However, the alternative with non-uniform distribution of longitudinal reinforcement showed a significant reduction in steel consumption, with an expressive decrease in the reinforcement ratio in the most critical segment of the wall-column and a global reduction in CA-50 steel consumption, without compromising the load-bearing capacity of the element. Thus, it was concluded that the detailing with differentiated distribution of longitudinal reinforcement, combined with a more refined analysis of localized second-order effects and consideration of interaction between the wall-column strips, proved to be technically adequate and structurally safe. This approach enabled a more rational use of materials, with a significant reduction in steel consumption, without impairing compliance with normative requirements of strength and stability, contributing to the improvement of design and detailing practices for reinforced concrete wall-columns.