Indicadores de consumo em edifícios altos: uma análise crítica dos parâmetros de projeto segundo a literatura técnica e normativa.

Abstract

This study presents a critical analysis of structural parameters that influence material consumption in high-rise buildings, with emphasis on the three main components: concrete, steel, and formwork. The research is justified by the technical gap regarding the systematization of consumption indicators based on structural typologies adopted in Brazil, particularly in regions undergoing rapid verticalization, such as Fortaleza, state capital of Ceará. The general objective was to propose, based on a bibliographic and normative review, preliminary reference values to support design decisions. The specific objectives included identifying the main design parameters (such as slenderness ratio, slab type, number of floors, and concrete strength), collecting data from national and international technical sources, and organizing a summary table of material consumption. The adopted methodology was qualitative and exploratory, with a predominantly bibliographic and normative approach. Data were gathered from scientific articles, technical manuals, dissertations, real building projects, and design platforms. Critical parameters were identified that directly affect specific consumption per square meter, with variations of up to 35% observed among different structural solutions. The analysis allowed for a comparison between national and international approaches, highlighting differences in safety criteria, exposure classes, and structural detailing requirements. As a final product, it is concluded that considering these parameters from the early design stages is essential for the rational use of materials, contributing to technical, economic, and environmental benefits. The study reinforces the need for the updating and regionalization of normative data, as well as the integration between designers, builders, and architects to enable more sustainable and efficient structural solutions.