Cabelo como matriz de análise no controle da dopagem de esteroides anabólicos estrogênicos

Abstract

Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) are commonly used to improve physical performance in sports competitions or out of them. This class of substances can exert local toxicity in several organs and systems. The control of doping exists to promote the defense of medical ethics, equal chances for all competitors and for protection of the health of the individual (athlete). The hair matrix for analysis is already of great acceptance in forensic toxicology. Although hair analysis is not approved by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), in recent years it has been accepted to numerous judicial courts. The hair presents some advantages when compared to other biological matrices (urine, blood) used in the control of doping, as for example, ample window of detection, low invasiveness, easy collection and storage, low risk of false-negative and low risk of adulteration. The present study aimed to evaluate the scientific evidence, available in electronic databases, on the effectiveness of hair as array of doping control analysis of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids. The search was conducted in four databases: Medline, The Cochrane Library, Trip Database and Lilacs. 4 results obtained, being 4 case reports. Of the four case reports selected, most of them (n = 3) had the AAS as main class of substance involved in hair analysis. In another study, which brings two case reports, the substances involved were cocaine and morphine, however the authors also cited anabolic steroids. With the exception of a case report, all other authors arrived at similar conclusions that hair analysis is promising in the field of doping control along with urinalysis. Given the nature of this purely qualitative study and review on the results obtained, we conclude that the use of hair as a matrix for analysis, in the AAS doping control remains a field open to research, requiring further studies for proof of its effectiveness.