Estudo microscópico de lesões da mucosa gástrica em casos de câncer e em dois outros grupos de pacientes sem patologia neoplásica em uma região tropical

Abstract

The state of Ceara is located in a geographic region with epidemiological features that favor a high incidence of gastric cancer, where LAUREN's intestinal type carcinoma predominates. Preventive actions are necessary to counter the risk factors for the disease and early diagnostic methods are also essentials for the detection of the cancer of the stomach, what is currently possible only with gastroscopy and endoscopic biopsy. Using the morphologic and morphometric analysis of the gastric antrum, four groups of patients were analyzed. The first group was constituted by patients with the intestinal type of gastric carcinoma; the second was set up from patients with the diffuse type of gastric carcinoma; the third was formed by patients presenting general complaints of gastritis; and the fourth by victims of violent deaths without recognizable gastric complaints. Statistical tests were perfomied which determined some significant correlations among the groups analysed or within the same specific group. In this study related to the gastric cancer it was noticed a modal frequency in males aged 30-years olds or more, a data in accordance with the specialized literature. The lesions that were more conspicuous and, consequently, were selected as imparting a higher risk for the development of cancer, were the following: hypotrophy of the gastric mucosa, grade of chronic inflammatory process, presence of reactive lymphoid follicles, intestinal metaplasia and presence of absence of Helicobacter pylori flora.