Desempenho de um sistema fotovoltaico conectado à rede: estudo de caso após três anos de instalação

Abstract

In recent years, the global demand for renewable energy sources has grown steadily. Among theavailable technologies, photovoltaic solar energy stands out for its ability to generate electricityfrom sunlight. This study evaluates the long-term performance of a grid-connected photovoltaicsystem (GCPV) after three years of operation in the municipality of Solonópole, Ceará, Brazil.The installation has a rated capacity of 7.04 kWp and consists of 16 solar modules and 4microinverters. A case study methodology was employed, combining real production datacollected through the S-miles monitoring platform with simulation results obtained from thePVsyst software. Solar irradiance data from the CRESESB database were used to calculateperformance indicators, including final yield (YF), capacity factor (CF), and performance ratio(PR), in order to assess the system’s behavior over time. The analysis showed that the systemmaintained satisfactory performance levels, with annual averages of performance ratio andcapacity factor consistent with expected values for the technology. The comparison betweenactual production data and PVsyst simulation estimates showed a strong overall agreement,although the year 2024 registered the highest deviation, with an error of 13.42% compared tothe other years. The findings highlight the importance of consistent maintenance and activemonitoring to ensure the long-term efficiency of photovoltaic systems.