Mortalidade por doença de Chagas no Ceará: uma análise epidemiológica dos anos de 2005 a 2020

Abstract

Chagas disease is a neglected hemoparasitosis endemic in the state of Ceará, with an estimated prevalence of 3.2%. Our goal is to describe the epidemiological situation of mortality of Chagas disease in the State of Ceará. The study comprised the rate of all deaths of Chagas disease in the state of Ceará, which occurred between 2005 and 2020, notified on the SIM of DATASUS. Codes B57 to B575 were considered the main cause of death. In a period of 16 years, 809 deaths due to Chagas disease were registered as the main cause of death. In this scenario, 1.5% (12/809) were considered inappropriate because the patients were not residents of Ceará or they had invalid information regarding age. In this number of 797 death certificates suitable for the research, 608 had the cause of death indicated as CID:B572, male predominance (n=531), aged over 50 years (n=684), of brown race/color (n=522), married marital status (n=457), low education with up to 3 years of study (n=519), agriculture (n=341), Iguatu was the region with the highest number of residents who died. Death rates of Chagas disease in the state of Ceará were analyzed according to intermediate geographic regions, with the regions with the highest mortality rates being Sobral (29.8%), Iguatu (26.8%) and Crateús (13.1%). Fortaleza had the lowest rate of decline 3.7% between the period of 2005-2008 to 2017-2020. The regions with increasing mortality rates were Juazeiro do Norte (64%), going from 28.1/1,000,000 inhab., to 46.1 between 2005 and 2020, with an average of 35.0 deaths and Quixadá presented an increase of 41 .8% in the death rate between 2005 and 2020. The highest proportion of deaths occurred in the regions of Fortaleza (29.1%) and Quixadá (22.2%), and the lowest frequency in the region of Sobral (6.1%). Thus, the results of this study can contribute to a better understanding of mortality from CD in Ceará, in addition to supporting public policies for diagnosis and treatment.