Construção de um material educativo como ferramenta de educação em saúde para pacientes em tratamento com insulina

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) can be characterized as a disease that begins with elevated blood glucose levels. It is caused by a deficiency in the secretion or action of the hormone insulin, produced in the beta cells of the pancreas. DM is a chronic disease that, due to the multiple complications and associated comorbidities, represents a real risk globally and can have a major impact on the quality of life of people affected by the disease. From this perspective, treatment requires complex medication regimens, such as full replacement with basal and prandial insulin, on an individual basis, always aiming to maintain ideal glycemic control. The increase in the prevalence of DM poses significant challenges to the single health system, especially regarding adequate management of insulin use by patients. These aspects demonstrate that educational technologies are of great value and necessary to mediate the dissemination of information and facilitate coping with the disease. The objective is to build educational material as a health education strategy to improve the knowledge of patients undergoing insulin treatment about insulin administration with a syringe. The present study was developed through four stages: bibliographical survey on the topic; content selection and summarization; preparation of the script based on theoretical references; and creation of the booklet. The information described in the booklet was organized in a logical sequence of reasoning, in order to succinctly portray what Diabetes Mellitus is, the types of syringes, the insulin administration process, storage, transportation of insulin, and disposal of needles. The content of the educational material had as a theoretical reference the recommendations of the Brazilian Diabetes Society on the important aspects for safe management in the preparation and application of insulin 2022. Based on the searches, scientific findings were highlighted, with the final result being the educational booklet material, with the potential to provide better results for health education programs and interventions, as it demonstrates the ability to streamline and facilitate the work of the health team in relation to guidance for patients and caregivers. It was possible to conclude that the construction of educational materials, in the form of a booklet, favors the dissemination of information about the disease, in addition to expanding people's knowledge regarding their health condition.