Avaliação do Programa de Ação Integrada para o Aposentado (PAI), do Governo do Estado do Ceará, à luz da Lei n.º 8.842/94 – a situação feminina

Abstract

The 2022 Demographic Census, conducted by IBGE, reveals that the elderly population in Brazil reached 32,113,490 people, representing a 56% increase compared to 2010, with women making up more than half of this population. In this context, the financialization of the economy, which prioritizes fiscal adjustments and the reduction of public spending to serve the interests of financial capital, has significantly impacted public policies, including those focused on education and the wellbeing of the elderly. In the current scenario, it is imperative to enhance programs aimed at the population aged 60 or older, highlighting retirement as a process of transformation that affects not only professional life but also social, emotional, and identity aspects. For teachers, for example, retirement is a phase of significant reconfiguration due to the vocational nature of the profession. In this context, questions arise. The first question is, considering Law No. 8,842/94, Chapter II, Article 3, paragraph 1, whether there is any kind of support for retirees in the state of Ceará? The answer to this question is yes. The second question is given that the Government of the State of Ceará has an Integrated Action Program for Retirees (PAI). Based on this, we have the following question: Does the Integrated Action Program for Retirees (PAI) of the Government of the State of Ceará meet the provisions established in the National Elderly Policy? The general objective of this dissertation is established as: To analyze the conformity of the Integrated Action Program for Retirees (PAI) with the provisions established in the National Elderly Policy. The specific objectives are: a) To analyze the particularities of the program regarding the retirement of public servants; b) To investigate the perceptions of the women participants in the program about retirement; c) To identify specific elements of the feminine experience in the program. The research uses a qualitative approach, with a literature review, document analysis, and interviews with program managers and users. The analysis revealed that, although PAI adopts a multifaceted approach, offering psychological, social, and educational support, it presents significant gaps, especially in considering the emotional, social, and economic aspects of retirement. The program lacks personalized service and actions aimed at the social reintegration of retirees, in addition to lacking continuous monitoring to evaluate its impact on the beneficiaries' quality of life. The research also highlighted administrative challenges, such as the difficulty in accessing program managers, which limited understanding of the implementation and strategies of PAI. To ensure the effectiveness and sustainability of the program, it is necessary to strengthen its institutional structure, including administrative and financial autonomy, as well as the allocation of a regular budget and stabilization of its technical staff. Thus, PAI has the potential to promote active aging, but it needs structural adjustments to increase its impact and ensure its continuity.