Condições de segurança do trabalho em canteiros de obras de pequeno porte: um estudo comparativo da aplicação da NR18 no sertão de Crateús

Abstract

Occupational safety in civil construction remains a persistent challenge, especially in smallscale construction sites located in inland cities. This study investigated the degree of compliance with Regulatory Standard No. 18 (NR-18) in small-scale construction sites situated in the municipalities of Ararendá, Independência, and Crateús, in the state of Ceará, Brazil, which present different population sizes. The research adopted an exploratory and descriptive approach, with a qualitative-quantitative nature, applying NR-18-based checklists and conducting interviews with professionals responsible for the construction sites. The analysis encompassed aspects such as living areas, operational areas, and signage, considering both the presence of the required items and their compliance with the technical criteria established by the standard. The results revealed that Crateús, the largest municipality, showed the highest average levels of compliance, followed by Ararendá and, lastly, Independência. Recurring deficiencies were identified in the provision of sanitary facilities, supply and proper use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), lack of mandatory training, and insufficient signage. Informality in the sector, combined with scarce inspections and limited technical resources, undermined compliance with NR-18, particularly in smaller municipalities. It was found that adherence to the standard depends not only on urban infrastructure but, above all, on site management and the commitment of technical staff to safety practices. This research provides technical and practical contributions toward promoting safer working environments in civil construction, highlighting the need for public policies that strengthen inspections and encourage professional training in inland municipalities.