Estudo da viabilidade ambiental de um projeto de suinocultura sem abate em Cascavel-CE

Abstract

Pig farming is a significant economic activity, with global pork production led by China, the United States, and Brazil. In Brazil, the sector generates billions of reais annually, driven by exports and concentrated in the southern region. In the Brazilian Northeast, production is marked by smaller-scale family farms. The trend toward production intensification creates challenges related to natural resource use and waste generation. Pig farming requires environmental monitoring, including impact assessment and the adoption of sustainable practices. The Environmental Viability Study (EVS) is a crucial tool for this assessment, guiding the implementation of mitigation measures and ensuring the activity's sustainability. Thus, this case study, conducted in Cascavel-CE, through environmental analysis, environmental diagnosis, and an executive project, sought to evaluate the environmental feasibility of a pig farming venture without slaughter, identifying and pointing out adverse impacts on the physical, biotic, and socioeconomic environments. The study involved defining areas of influence, characterizing geomorphological, geological, geotechnical, and soil characteristics, surveying fauna and flora, analyzing water resources and socioeconomic characteristics. Environmental impacts in the different phases of the project were identified and evaluated, which showed a considerable number of beneficial impacts compared to adverse impacts. In addition to establishing mitigating measures for environmental control, such as reforestation, construction of sedimentation boxes for critical areas, moistening of roads, implementation of a wildlife deterrence plan, and monitoring of local fauna. A program for control and monitoring of environmental impacts was developed, covering plans for environmental education, protection of fauna and flora, worker protection, solid waste management, and risk management. Thus, the environmental education, control, and monitoring plans, techniques developed for the study by Terra Consultoria Ambiental, prove to be a promising, coherent, and easily adaptable alternative for the work environment on agricultural properties.