Distribuição da esquistossomose mansoni nos municípios do Estado do Ceará, envolvido no projeto de interligação de bacias do Nordeste setentrional

Abstract

Schistosomiasis is an endemic disease that represents one of the most serious problems in public health, and that affects millions of people around the world. The appearance of new cases of schistosomiasis mansoni and the dispersion of the outbreak and breading spots of the intermediate host is associated to enviroiunental changes caused by the implementation of water projects, such as constructions of dams, hydroelecü-ic power plants and transposition of rivers. Therefore, projects that require new studies in tiüs field become extremely necessary, not only to survey of the limnic malacofauna, but also the coproscopic census of the population surroundmg the affected area. In doing so, it becomes possible to measure vulnerabuities and risks of disease spreading in order to implement adequate preventive counter measures agaiiist new outbreaks of schistosomiasis. In this study it is presented primaiy data obtained from a coproscopic and malacological inquiry of the 21 miinicipalides involved m the Northern Northeast Interconnection of River Basins Project which interconnects the rivers in Ceará State with São Francisco river. The objective of this study is to characterize schistosomiasis mansoni dispersion in the counties of the State of Ceará. To analyze punctual data, outbreaks and breading spots of the snails the Terraview program was used along with Kernel estimation in order to identify the areas of biological risk. Also the counties of Aurora (0,6%), Missão Velha (1,5%), Mauriti (2,6%), Orós (1,8%), Jaguaretama (4,8%) and Brejo Santo (0,8%) presented positiveness numbers to schistosomiasis mansoni cercaria. The coproscopy was positive to schistosomiasis in the counties of Penaforte, Brejo Santo, Iço, Jaguaretama and Missão Velha, with general prevalence of 2.12 per 1,000 inhabitants. The other geo-helmintosis presented a prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides (31.91%), Trichuris trichiura (11.34), Ancylostoiniasis (6.85%), Enterobius vermiciilaris (0.94%) and Hymenolepis nana (1.41%). All cities studied were ranked in a table quartile for the classification of areas in the first and second quai-úle were nine counties that had coproscopia malacology and negative, as these areas were unaffected categorizados no potential for transmission. In the third quartile were five counues that had or malacology coproscopia or positive, so positive features malacology unaffected areas with potential for transmission, coproscopia positive focal areas and the three municipaliues that had a positive coproscopia and malacology were considered as areas of greatest potential for the dispersion of the disease.