Conflitos socioambientais e estratégias de luta em uma comunidade indígena de Caucaia-CE: estudo de caso da retomada Parnamirim

Abstract

The main objective of this study is to analyze socio-environmental conflicts involving situations of environmental injustice in the community of Parnamirim, Caucaia, Ceará. The research was carried out based on the exchange of three methodological procedures, which involved: the use of bibliographical references related to the theme of the work; documentary research in the Official Gazette of the Municipality of Caucaia in a virtual environment; and fieldwork in the reoccupation of Parnamirim, aiming to follow part of the struggle strategies of some local residents, notably indigenous people of the Anacé ethnic group. During the fieldwork, semistructured interviews were conducted with local indigenous leaders and other members of the reoccupation movement. The theoretical framework uses categories and guiding concepts related to environmental justice and injustice, territory, and socio-environmental conflicts, with an emphasis on authors who develop their research practices based on the theoreticalmethodological framework of Political Ecology. Among the main results, we identified that the Parnamirim community is involved in conflicts involving indigenous and non-indigenous residents, the presence of a capitalist entrepreneur, the main antagonist of the Anacé and his direct subordinates, acting in the degradation of the environment, and the actions of the State in the form of the Municipal Government of Caucaia, focused primarily on serving private tourism interests.