Índice de vulnerabilidade social juvenil no Maranhão: Avaliação e recomendações para políticas públicas

Abstract

Research objective: creation of the Youth Social Vulnerability Index (IVSJ) of the municipalities of Maranhão in order to analyze the vulnerability situation of the young population aged 15 to 29 years. Theoretical framework: is based on an understanding of the concept of social vulnerability to identify the multiple dimensions associated with deprivation of well-being, and youth vulnerability in terms of not having access to certain inputs such as education, work, health, leisure and culture, reducing the chances for social advancement of young people in this situation. Methodology: the construction of the index was based on the application of the multivariate factor analysis technique, allowing the classification and generation of a ranking of municipalities in Maranhão according to predefined vulnerability ranges. Results: indicate that more than half of young people from Maranhão live in municipalities classified in the ranges of high and very high youth social vulnerability, presenting worse conditions in terms of insertion in the job market, education, income level, municipal infrastructure and school delay. On the other hand, they suggest that young people living in municipalities classified in the low vulnerability ranges are more vulnerable to violence. Originality: construction of an instrument that allows analyzing the vulnerability of young people in their specificities regarding education, social well-being and violence at the municipal level for a more recent context. Theoretical and practical contributions: aims to contribute to the literature with information about the young population of the state that presents high levels of vulnerability and poverty in Brazil, and to improve synthetic indexes that can help researchers and public managers.