A reprodutibilidade técnica na era das plataformas: um estudo sobre a formação e as implicações sociais do streaming

Abstract

This work is a theoretical effort to understand streaming, one of the most important audiovisual phenomena of the 21st century, through sociology. With a focus on autonomy, the common thread that runs through and unites a myriad of elements and experiences related to this means of communication, the essential particularities of streaming were studied. With the aim of mapping its historical constitution and critically discussing its main social implications, the most popular form of streaming, the paradigm established by Netflix, constituted by the combination of bilateral platforms, computational tools and techniques capable of analyzing large masses of data, algorithms and the autonomy of users, was explored in detail. This model allows for the emergence of cultural phenomena such as the platformization of the technical reproducibility of audiovisual works, binge-watching, the personalization of content by means of algorithms and the gestation of an algorithmic culture, a manifestation that allows for the subsumption of autonomy in a structure of commodity production, which also intends to generalize the tendential laws of the capitalist economy in culture. This operation was made possible by examining journalistic material from Folha de S. Paulo related to the topic, from 2011 to 2019, used as an empirical starting point within a multidimensional and critical qualitative methodological perspective.