Análise temporal de agrobiodiversidade, produção de serrapilheira e cobertura do solo em sistemas agroflorestais de região semiáriada

Abstract

Soil and ecosystem degradation, especially those most vulnerable such as semi-arid regions, has gained increasing importance in the global debate. Its impacts, which are already perceived in the present, generate doubts and challenges for future development. Faced with this problem, conventional means of agriculture have been questioned and rethought, with the aim of developing new ways of carrying out sustainable agriculture that preserves ecosystems. In this scenario, agroforestry systems emerge as a sustainable possibility for agriculture with conservation aspects, which is based on agroecological principles to guarantee more sustainable production. Litter sampling was carried out at 10 points per area with a 0.25x0.25 m frame. The soil cover was sampled by stretching a rope with 50 points equidistant 10 cm, with 5 repetitions per area, observing the presence or absence of cover in the projection of each point. The accumulation of biomass on the soil surface of agroforestry systems (SAFs I, II, III and IV) has not been changed over the last two years, maintaining residue deposition levels similar to those in the forest regeneration area with native plants. Despite the maintenance of accumulated biomass on the surface, there was a reduction in soil cover in SAF III and an increase in SAF IV. Despite the small reduction in one of the systems, soil cover levels were maintained at adequate levels in all areas