Impacto da distância casa-escola e do transporte escolar no desempenho escolar dos alunos da rede pública de Maracanaú

Abstract

This study seeks to understand the possible effect of the distance between the place of residence and the educational institution on school performance at the local level, specifically in the municipality of Maracanau, and also the impact, if any, of the availability of school transportation services. This analysis is conducted through a multiple linear regression model using an innovative database that includes student grades from a state assessment system (SPAECE), distances generated by georeferencing by cross-referencing with the federal government's social programs' database, qualitative information from schools, and information about whether the school is served by school transportation services. The research showed that, for the municipality of Maracanau, distance did not result in statistically significant changes in Portuguese grades, but had a negative impact on Mathematics grades. Furthermore, it showed that when schools are provided with public school transportation, this negative impact is partially mitigated. However, when considering the qualitative characteristics of each educational institution, both the distance effect and the compensatory effect of school transportation cease to be significant.