Geotecnologias aplicadas à análise da evolução costeira no Município de Beberibe, estado do Ceará, entre os anos de 1979 a 2019

Abstract

The municipality of Beberibe is located 85 km from Fortaleza, the capital of Ceará State, and is recognized mainly because of its natural landscape beauties, which become notorious tourist attractions of the eastern coast of Ceará. An example of this is the Natural Monument of the Cliffs of Beberibe, a conservation and integral protection unit that covers about 31.29 hectares, and is part of the landscape context of the city of Beberibe/CE. Because of the need for protection, conservation, planning of tourist activities and occupation, it becomes necessary to monitor the exogenous processes associated with changes in these coastal landscapes. Geotechnologies have shown to be an efficient tool for evaluating transformations of landscapes, natural or anthropic, in a certain period, and the several techniques employed for that allow the simplification of the exploration, interpretation and extraction of information for a certain area of interest, and also the possibility of relating them with statistical parameters. The present work, had as its main objective the regionalized monitoring of the modifications of the coastline in the municipality of Beberibe between the years 1979 and 2019 through the use of historical images of the LANDSAT series, totaling 40 years of coastal analysis. The study area was sectioned into 4 sectors according to its most evident geomorphological characteristics, with the purpose of detailed monitoring of shoreline modifications. To quantify the loss and gain of area, as a function of coastal dynamics, the Change Polygon methods were applied, meanwhile for the calculation of variation, amplitude and mobility of the beach line statistical rates were generated through the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) tool in the predefined sectors. It was identified that the greatest coastal variability is related to Sector 1, and that the smallest decadal variation of the coastline is associated with the cliffs of the Barreiras Formation present in Study Sector 4. It was found that this variation between sectors is causally related to the main morphological features and with the scale spatial of analysis employed.