Simulação e análise de contingências com critérios n-1 e n-2 em sistemas elétricos de potência

Abstract

The complexity of electrical power systems demands mechanisms to facilitate studies related to this field. Thus, it is common to develop reduced topologies to help computational analysis of electrical energy networks. Among the most used reduced topologies in power system analysis, the standardized test systems of the IEEE stand out. The present work deals with the steady-state power flow and the analysis of contingencies with N-1 and N-2 criteria for electrical power systems, both in the theoretical-conceptual aspect and in the simulation. The analysis presents the development of the calculation of the Newton-Rahpson power flow without controls and limits, through a computational routine made in the MATLAB software, considering voltage and active and reactive power limits besides capacity restrictions in the transmition lines. Initially, in order to validate the developed algorithm, the power flow of the IEEE 3-bus system was calculated and the results were compared with those found by the algorithm. Then, with the values of the 118-bus IEEE topology from the algorithm, performance indices of the transmission lines and transformers were extracted. Thus, contingencies were defined with criteria N-1 and N-2, that is, the possible losses of one or two branches, in order to to evaluate improvements and expansions in the IEEE 118-bus system that meet the two criteria. For the most relevant contingencies, control actions were simulated and they allowed the system to operate again within the generation, voltage and power flow operation limits.