Evolução do índice de exclusão social das regiões Nordeste, Sudeste e Sul do Brasil no período de 2004 a 2014

Abstract

The economic and social inequalities that exist in Brazil constitute a scenario of social injustice experienced by millions of people who are deprived of access to conditions that are minimally necessary to reach decent income standards and social assets. Social exclusion affects a large number of Brazilian families, especially in the Northeast, the region with the greatest economic, educational and basic service’s needs. While the regions with the best performance in economic and social indicators in Brazil are the South and Southeast regions. This study has the general objective of analyzing the social and economic indicators of the Northeast in comparison to the Southeast and South of Brazil, assessing the dynamics of the variation of each indicator during the period 2004-2014 for the regions and states, as well as for the areas Urban and rural areas. As a theoretical basis, the Social Exclusion Index (IES), created by Lemos (2012), was used, which uses several indicators of income deprivation, education and essential services to measure social exclusion patterns. The data were taken from National Surveys by Household Samples (PNAD) performed annually. The conclusions show that the small improvements occurred in the period were not sufficient to modify the existing scenario at the beginning of the analysis. The Northeast continues to present the worst indicators and the way to reduce existing inequalities does not present a prospect of significant improvement in the period.