Proposição de uma metodologia para dimensionamento da malha passiva de dupla sintonia de um filtro híbrido para harmônicas

Abstract

The advancement of technologies has driven the use of loads with highly nonlinear behaviors. This evolution prompts engineering professionals to reassess the principles related to power quality applied to power systems, aiming to harmonize them effectively. Thus, the concept of energy conditioners emerges, intrinsically associated with electrical power quality. In this sense, solutions are developed to meet requirements such as harmonic distortion compensation and power factor improvement, with the purpose of creating an electrical system that provides optimal conditions for the maximum energy efficiency of loads connected to the grid. In this scenario, both in practice and in technical and scientific literature, passive and active filters appear as common solutions, each with their advantages and disadvantages. However, with the intention of reconciling the advantages and minimizing the disadvantages between such structures, hybrid filters represent an innovation in the management of electrical power quality, as they combine elements of passive and active filters. Their distinctive feature is the ability to attenuate low-order harmonics from the network with the passive mesh and relieve the efforts of the active network and its costs. This makes them highly versatile and autonomous, especially during maintenance. This work, therefore, aims to present a design methodology for the passive mesh and specify the development of control algorithms for the active mesh. The topology of the presented passive mesh is dual-tuned, meaning it utilizes the homopolar characteristics of the multiple-of-3 harmonics to attenuate one additional harmonic by connecting an inductor between the star center of the filter and the neutral conductor.The filters are commonly applied in low-voltage distribution systems, where power quality is critical. In this work, simulations were conducted using PSCAD/EMTDC to find harmonic distortion values that comply with national standards, such as PRODIST MODULE 8 – 2017, and international standards, such as IEEE Std. 519 - 2022.