Relação entre as habilidades de inteligência emocional e a resposta a comportamentos destrutivos por profissionais de saúde de hospital público

Abstract

Disruptive or unprofessional behavior is understood as a set of disrespectful, intimidating and hostile behaviors adopted by health workers in their practice environment, resulting in increased levels of stress, frustration, loss of focus, poor communication and direct damage to safety of the patient. Such behaviors are commonly observed in health services and deserve to be investigated from the perspective of intrapersonal skills, including Emotional Intelligence. The objective was to verify the relationship between emotional intelligence skills and the response to destructive behavior by health professionals in a public hospital. This is a cross-sectional study carried out in a teaching hospital, a reference in cardiology and pneumology in Ceará, between February and May 2023, with professionals from the multidisciplinary team of the adult and pediatric hospitalization units, intensive care and emergency. A sociodemographic/occupational instrument, the Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test (SSEIT) – Brazilian version and the Disruptive Clinician Behavior Survey (JH-DCBS) – Brazilian version were applied. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 23.0 program, submitted to descriptive and inferential statistics. In the bivariate analysis, the nonparametric Mann Whitney and Kruskal Wallis U tests were used. For the correlation analysis between the SSEIT domains and the JHDCBS subscales, Spearman's correlation coefficient was used. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the institution (Opinion no 5.466.795, CAAE: 59296022.2.0000.5039). A total of 101 health professionals participated in the study, 71.3% of the nursing team, the majority female, with a mean age of 39 years (σ = 10.87), working in different areas of the hospital, with greater representation of the health sectors. clinical or surgical hospitalization, workload of 40 hours a week and 12 hours a day, cooperative work and experience in the area. The total SSEIT score (131.54) indicated a high level of emotional intelligence, with higher averages in the domains “Perception of Emotions” (38.19) and “Management of Own Emotions” (38.19). Regarding the JH-DCBS, the types of behavior most frequently observed by the participants were conflicts, passive-aggressive behavior and authoritarian language/humiliation/power play; the perpetrators are professionals from different categories, nurses and nursing technicians. Regarding the responses to unprofessional behavior, positive responses were obtained, such as seeking support from the manager/supervisor to approach the unprofessional person, trying to clarify the reason for an unprofessional behavior and reporting the unprofessional behavior through the hospital's communication/notification system. In the comparison analyzes of the distributions of emotional intelligence levels and of items related to the domain of responses to unprofessional behavior, no statistically significant

differences were found. However, it was observed that the increase in the level of emotional intelligence positively influences the response to unprofessional behavior. New studies are suggested that favor the elucidation of the impact of emotional intelligence in coping with unprofessional behaviors, as well as educational interventions for the development of emotional skills among health workers.