Análise de Cluster para a Identificação de Municípios com Maior Potencial para Geração Eólica e Fotovoltaica no Ceará

Abstract

This study aimed to identify, through a clustering method, the municipalities in the state of Ceará with the greatest potential for wind and photovoltaic energy generation. For this purpose, variables such as altitude, wind speed, solar radiation, and average temperature were considered. Based on these criteria, the cities were divided into distinct clusters using the K-means algorithm, which revealed the existence of four groups with specific characteristics. Subsequently, a scoring methodology was employed, which found that group 3 demonstrated suitability for wind generation due to its high temperature and wind speed. On the other hand, group 1 was identified as more suitable for photovoltaic generation due to its high altitude and low temperature. Additionally, an analysis of energy flow was conducted, including the mapping of installed substations, which revealed limitations in the transmission infrastructure, particularly in group 1, which was identified as the most suitable for photovoltaic generation. Finally, these findings reinforce the need to expand the energy distribution infrastructure in the state, enabling a more efficient utilization of the natural resources available in each region and boosting the potential of renewable energy generation in the state of Ceará.