Influência de fatores ambientais na dinâmica do perifíton na aquicultura

Abstract

With the growth of aquaculture activity and the increase in the entry of organic wastes from the cultivation environments into natural water bodies, the development of techniques that minimize the impacts of the activity is necessary. One strategy that hasshown promising results in mitigating the negative impacts of the activity is the manipulation of the natural microbial communities of aquatic ecosystems. These communities use high nutrient loads for their development and their growth in the medium is regulated by several natural factors. In this review, the main environmental factors that can modify the dynamics and function of biofilms in cultivation environments were carefully analyzed. Several factors categorized as biotic: parasitism, predation and grazing and abiotic: nutrient concentration, temperature, pH, substrates, light, water velocity and hydrological regime were identified as determinants for the colonization and establishment of the biofilm. However, some of these were more active in the dynamics of the periphytic community, being possible to distinguish those that present greater interference in the development and dynamics of the community.